china

Fine Particulate Matter in the Air of China’s Cities

By Philip Andrews-Speed

Recent months have seen a growth in the awareness among China’s urban residents of fine particulate matter suspended in the air. Atmospheric pollution is nothing new to the Chinese. If you lived in northern China like Beijing twenty years or more ago, you would be plagued by coal dust in the winter and desert sand in the spring.

China’s Iranian Oil Dilemma

By Philip Andrews-Speed

China is not only a major strategic ally of Iran but it also relies on Iran for oil imports. In the face of US sanctions, China is likely to find a middle way involving some reduction of oil imports from Iran but not a complete cessation.

China’s oil and gas relations with Iran